Fabric Glossary: Terms Starting with I

Ikat

Is a pattern made by traditional dying techniques on yarn before it is woven into fabric. This technique gives a pattern to the finished woven fabric. Both sides of Ikat fabric are patterned because the yarn is dyed prior to weaving. The weaver must line up the dyed yarns during weaving to create the pattern and because of this ikat fabrics tend to look “blurred”. The blurriness can be reduced by the skill of the craftsperson or by using finer yarn. Now ikat fabrics are printed with industrial machines that create a similar effect. Ikat can be made from silk, cotton, wool, synthetic and blended fibers and in any weight.

Interfacing

Is a stiffening used in between two layers of fabric. Interfacing can be a woven or nonwoven fabric. It can be sewn or fused onto the facing fabric. Fabrics that are used for interfacings are silk organza, cotton, crinolines, and non-woven. Interfacing fabrics can be fusible and non-fusible.

Interlining

Is a fabric used in tailoring or drapery to add extra weight or stiffness or warmth to the garment or curtains. It can be lightweight, or it can be firm and stiff. The types of fabrics used are cotton, silk, wool and synthetics. When used in curtains it can be a blackout fabric to black out light.

Iridescent Fabrics

Are made by the color arrangement in the warp and weft yarns or threads during weaving. They are used to provide contrast and interest due to the changing color effect depending on the lighting and angle of the view. Iridescent fabrics are also known as shot fabrics. They can be made from any type of fiber and weave.